Skin Diseases Caused by Vitamin B12 Deficiency | A Deep Insight

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin and one of the leading components of the B complex. The role of this vitamin in the synthesis of red blood cells, DNA, in improving nerve functions is well appreciated but the interesting fact is that B12 is also directly related to the skin, hair, and nails. It has earned its place in every dermatologist’s prescription and skincare regime, with every best facewash, scrub, or moisturizer mentioning B12 as an essential ingredient. Dermatological signs indicating the deficiency of Vitamin B12 include vitiligo, hyperpigmentation, angular stomatitis, etc. 

Can Low B12 Cause Skin Problems?

Yes, Vitamin B12 deficiencies can cause different skin conditions. The cutaneous manifestations of this disease have also been proven by many research studies.

Case Studies: A 34-year-old woman was presented with the signs of skin lesions. She was under treatment for endocrinological disorders. Her B12 levels were tested to be 113 pmol/L. Every other cause was ruled out, indicating Vitamin B12 as the only cause of the symptoms. Her treatment began with an IM injection of 1000 micrograms followed by B12 supplementation (once daily).  The hyperpigmented lesions started getting better within 2 weeks.

Let’s take a quick walk down the lane of Vitamin B12 deficiencies!

1. Hyperpigmentation- Uneven Skin Tone

Hyperpigmentation is a major indication of a B12 vitamin deficiency. Visually, dark patches can be seen on body parts, especially those exposed to sunlight, such as the face, hands, or feet. Vitamin B12 deficiency triggers the production of melanin, which is mainly responsible for deciding on your skin complexion. 

The good news? With the right B12 supplements, these changes can often be reversed. Early recognition is key, so don’t ignore these signs if they show up!

2. Vitiligo- White Skin Patches

White patches appearing on your skin might feel alarming. This condition, called vitiligo, is another indicator of B12 deficiency. It happens when the melanocytes—cells responsible for producing pigment—are destroyed, leaving certain areas of skin milky white.

Commonly, these patches appear on areas like your face, hands, and knees. While vitiligo isn’t physically harmful, the visible skin changes impact your confidence. Don’t let the early signs go unchecked! 

3. Angular Stomatitis- Cracks & Sores in Mouth

Sore, cracked corners of your mouth that make eating or talking uncomfortable is called angular stomatitis. It is one of the major causes of vitamin B12 deficiency. 

B12 is essential for keeping your mucosal tissues healthy, and without it, inflammation and cracks in sensitive areas like the mouth can develop. The sooner you address the deficiency, the quicker you can heal and get back to enjoying your meals pain-free.

Tidbit: The wall between you and your Korean glass skin is hydration and exfoliation. Vitamin B12 helps in doing so that is why get ready to lead the ingredients list of every other skin care product. 

4. Jaundice Like Symptoms- Yellowing Of Skin

B12 deficiency results in yellowing of the skin. The condition occurs due to megaloblastic anemia, where red blood cells are too large and ineffective at delivering oxygen. As these cells break down, they release bilirubin, which causes a yellowish skin tone. 

This symptom is a clear sign that your body’s red blood cell production is struggling and requires immediate medical attention. Don’t wait—getting your B12 levels checked could make all the difference.

Note: If you are suffering from jaundice, pay close attention to its cause! Vitamin B12 deficiency can be the hidden cause. 

5. Hair and Nail Changes- Brittle & Weak Cells

Hair and nails can serve as indicators of your overall health. Brittle hair or thin, ridged nails may be signs of a vitamin B12 deficiency. Cobalamin supports the production of hair follicles, resulting in healthy long hair while the deficiency can cause weak gray hair. 

The symptoms of decreased levels on nails include the appearance of ridges. These changes are minor but indicate that your body is struggling to sustain the growth of regenerating tissues. Replenishing your vitamin B12 levels can help restore the strength and vitality of your hair and nails.

B12 Deficiency Diagnosis and Treatment

Experiencing any of the above signs and symptoms? A simple blood test can be enough for diagnosis. Serum B12 levels under 200 pg/mL are a red flag. For further confirmation, doctors might check methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine levels too.

Fixing it is straightforward:

Oral supplements and Injections: Take B12 oral supplement once daily or as recommended or IM injection

Food Fix: Load up on fortified foods to bring your levels back in the game.

Food Sources of Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is naturally found in animal-based foods. Rich sources of vit B12 include:

• Meat, poultry, fish
• Eggs and dairy products
• Fortified foods like cereals and plant-based milk

These are some of the major sources that can help you level up your deficiencies naturally. 

Bursting a Myth: Vegans get enough B12 from the bacteria in their mouth

Truth: Vegans get vitamin B12 from fortified foods, but the deficiency can still occur, necessitating the need for additional supplements. 

Conclusion

Vitamin B12 plays an important role in maintaining the body’s health. From major benefits like synthesizing DNA and RBCs to minor advantages like making your skin firm and healthy, vitamin B12 is found everywhere. Deficiency of this causes serious skin conditions like hyperpigmentation, vitiligo, angular stomatitis, and other hair and nail diseases.